Army Administrative Specialist Job Description

Army Administrative Specialist Job DescriptionArmy Administrative Specialist Job Description(Note The Army eliminated this Military Occupation Specialty (MOS) in July 2006. The information below is maintained for historical purposes only.) Major Duties of 42L The soldier assigned to Army Enlisted Job 42L-Administrative Specialist supervises or performs administrative, clerical, and typing duties. Duties for MOS 42L at each level of skill are (1) Skill Level 1. Types military and nonmilitary correspondence in draft and final copy. Employs basic principles of English composition and grammar in preparing correspondence. Proofreads typed documents against source documents. Assembles final product for review, authentication, or other disposition. Prepares registered or certified mail for dispatch. Opens, sorts, routes, and delivers incoming correspondence and messages. Prepares suspense control documents and maintain suspense files. Signs receipt for, and picks up registered and certi fied mail. Dates and dispatches outgoing correspondence and messages. Prepares and maintains functional files per MARKS. Receives publications, establishes and maintains publications library. Requisitions and stocks blank forms.(2) Skill Level 2. Performs typing and clerical duties shown at preceding level of skill and provides technical guidance on administrative matters to typists and clerical personnel. Proofreads correspondence for format, content, and use of authorized abbreviations. Answers inquiries from staff and advises personnel on administrative and clerical matters. Sets up and maintain logs, rosters, status boards, charts, graphs, and viewgraphs. Composes routine correspondence.(3) Skill Level 3. Supervises performance of administrative functions. Reviews and edits correspondence prior to release, submission for signature, or other disposition. Conducts periodic review of files to ensure proper filing of correspondence. Controls use of reproduction facilities and review s item to be reproduced. Plans and organizes amtsstube operations to include publications and forms administration and office administrative procedures. Writes office SOP, job descriptions, and directives, Determines requirements for office equipment, supplies, and space. Plans layout of office. Requisitions, receives, inventories, and signs hand receipts for office equipment. Coordinates administrative activities with other organizational elements and staff sections. Establishes mail delivery routes and schemes and arranges for pickup of distribution by messengers. Serves as custodian of classified documents. Signs receipts for logs, inventories, and files, and secures classified documents. Prepares documents for destruction or other disposition. Ensures proper accountability of documents based upon degree of classification.(4) Skill Level 4. Supervises administrative functions and performs duties at preceding level of skill at division, comparable, or higher level headquarters. Pr ovides technical training and instructions to subordinates and supported units.(5)Skill Level 5. Supervises performance of administrative functions in administrative or similar element at division, comparable, or higher level headquarters. Inspects subordinates units and makes recommendations for elimination of deficiencies or improvement of administrative operations. Physical Requirements for 42L Administrative specialists must possess the following qualifications (1) A physical demands rating of medium.(2) A physical profile of 323222.(3) A minimum score of 95 in aptitude area CL.(4) The ability to type at a minimum speed of 25 net words per minute.(5) Formal training (completion of a course of instruction for MOS 42L course conducted at or under the auspices of the U.S. Army Adjutant General School) mandatory. c. Additional skill identifiers (1) E3Executive Administrative Assistant (SPC through SSG).(2) E4Attache Administrative Support.(3) F4Postal Supervisor.(4) F5Postal Op erations.(5) P5 Master Fitness Trainer,(6) 2SBattle Staff Operations (skill level 3 and above).(7) 4AReclassification Training. (Information derived from Army Pamphlet 611-21.)

5 Tips for Creating a Project Manager Resume

5 Tips for Creating a Project Manager Resume 5 Tips for Creating a Project Manager Resume Being a project manager is a demanding and skill-driven job. It requires an individual that has two entirely different skill sets that fit between administration, team management, and project development.Hiring managers are looking for individuals that can wear multiple hats on a given day, and will determine who they call in for an interview based in large part on how well the applicants resumes match up to these needs. One essential to a project manager title is the ability to shift focus and essentially demonstrate that in an interview.Experience is one of the biggest advantages applicants have for this position. Certification and education is also important, and should be highlighted alongside your professional experience and achievements.With this in mind, there is a whole host of specific hard and soft skills that hiring managers are specifically looking for.In this article, well go over f ive resume tips for project managers.Project Manager Resume FormatThe format of your resume matters, as does the order in which items are presented. Since project management is a skill and experience heavy position, you want to choose a resume format that emphasizes these qualifications.While a functional resume might seem to be the obvious choice, a hybrid of chronological format is mora likely to be well received by a hiring manager in todays market.Functional resumes emphasize experience and skills, however they do so in a way that leaves hiring managers wary of the actual qualifications of the applicant as it is commonly used to hide employment gaps and cover up lack of direct experience in the position.A chronological resume is the go-to standard and has been for some time. It allows you to list the positions youve had over the past 5-10 years in reverse chronological order, listing your responsibilities, qualifications, and achievements in each position.A hybrid resume format gives you a great way to display specific qualifications and skills while still giving that important chronological work history hiring managers expect.Emphasize Project Manager Hard SkillsHard skills are vital a project manager. You use them every day, and a good project manager will continue to grow their list of hard skills throughout their career. behauptung skills range from practical and general to task-oriented.Whether youre a project manager that specializes in construction, IT, or other industries, having hard skills that align with the position you are applying for is key to your success.You can get a really good idea of the hard skills a hiring manager is looking for by reading the job posting carefully. Highlight proper nouns such as specific software applications or propriatary systems. If any of these apply to you, find a way to work them in your project manager resume.Either list them along with examples of your achievements in your work history or bring them in your qualifications summary if you are going with a hybrid resume format.Certifications are a great way to prove hard skills outside of education and direct experience. Well get into certifications in more detail later on.List Soft SkillsSoft skills are the bread and butter of a project manager. These include skills that are difficult to train, such as personality traits like patience and quick thinking. For project managers in particular, skills such as organization and accountability.Find a way to include soft skills in your project manager resume as directly as possible. Generally, these are implied, however modern resume tracking software depends on keywords to filter out candidates.Consider listing soft skills and following them with an example from your work experience. For example, here is a bullet point from a job in a resume work history.Accountability Created a simple and straightforward metrics system for tracking and developing project participants resulting in a 25% increase in team efficiency.Soft skills are sought after by employers for a number of reasons. They are difficult to train, unlike hard skills, and hiring a candidate that is able to demonstrate their ability to meet this criteria is a good thing for the company.Keep it SimpleIt helps to list projects youve worked on within your work history, but going too far into detail can make the hiring managers eyes glaze over. Think about the stories you can tell in the interview List the most important and relevant projects in your work history. Focus on one or two bullet points (at most) for each of them, or even just a brief description of a single sentence. Keywords are more important that details. Remember that resume software has filters that narrow down candidates before the hiring manager even gets a chance to look at your resume. Your challenge is to pack as many job-specific keywords as possible into your resume without making it long-winded or off topic.Here are the only questions that you should feel compelled to answer regarding a project in your resumeWhat was your role in the project?What made the project a success?What was the size of your team?Resumes should be one or two pages at most. You really only have up to 30 seconds to earn an interview spot here, and your resume should be able to convey the important details in less than that time.Bring on the CertificationsCertifications, education, and other knowledge-based qualifications are a great thing to have, and should be included in your resume. Unless you are working with a high school diploma and work experience alone, a certifications and/or education section on your resume is a great thing to have. IT project managers, for example, often have to have at least a working knowledge of the systems theyre overseeing development for. Having a certification in those systems is a big plus in the eyes of many companies. If you dont have certifications, think about obtaining some. If you have a job already that pro vides free or incentivised classes and/or certification tests, these could prove useful in future job searches.Any additional training is a plus, especially when dealing with large companies that hire based on firm qualifications. ansprechbar classes through respected providers, any personal-time projects that relate to the job youre wanting, and more could be worth mentioning in either the resume or the cover letter to increase your chances.

Instant gratification A success poisoned we want it now

Instant gratification A success poisoned we want it nowInstant gratification A success poisoned we want it nowThe kind of success we constantly see in media can poison our minds. Golden medals at the Olympics, massive IPOs, scaling a business from five figures to seven figures in a year, wonderful weddings, decisive military victories or losing 100 pounds in five months. All those stories have common themes they are shiny and fast.They all fit the dictionary definition of successThe accomplishment of an aim or purpose.The above examples may ormay notlagelagebe success, it depends on the cost attached to it. My friend has a friend who was a very successful gymnast. She represented her country and won medals when she was young. Nowadays, she cannot sleep, because her body is in painevery single night.Is business success worth it, if it leads to the end of your marriage? A wonderful wedding means nothing, if the marriage will not last. Was achieving a military victory worth the lives of soldiers? What if the guy who lost 100 pounds in five months gained 200 in the next 12 months?Poisoned successSuccess is NOT achieving an aim or purpose. Not if the cost was too high. But we dont see the full equation in media, only the shiny part.The faulty definition of success causes us to be skewed toward instant gratification. We want badly those shiny results, and we want them NOW. Its better to lose 100 pounds in one month than in five, to get your business to six figures in a year, not in three, or to win an Olympic result after a 3-year career, not a 10-year one.And hey, if you could condense each of the above examples, dont shy away from doing itSo we want success, and we want it now.Which leads to frustrationIts so easy to feel frustrated when you are full of instant gratification mindset.You try a new diet and get frustrated when you lose only 4 pounds in the first week.You start a business and close it down after two weeks, because customers didnt knock down your doo rs.You start a blog, keep posting for a few weeks and then look at the statistics. Heck Only you and your mother visited the page.It goes like that with everything. You cannot stick to a chosen path, because you expect results too soon. You expect them immediately.Shiny object syndromeAnd then comes the worst. You cannot stick with one thing long enough to see results, so you look for the next big thing to give you the desired breakthrough. You find it quickly but again, you cannot persevere long enough to get results. So you seek again for another instantaneous solution.Your life morphs into this vicious cycle a shiny object gets your attention, you jump on it with ferocity and dedicate a lot of your energy for a short time. You get disappointed with your lack of progress, so you shop around for something better. A new shiny object draws your attention, you jump on it.And it goes like thison and on.Instant gratification makes it worseHave a look at this chart.The Slight Edge chart If you repeat the cycle of hope-frustration-hope, there is no space in your life to introduce perseverance. However, perseverance is what gets you on an upward curve and keeps you there.If you keep chasing shiny objects, your life will go in a downward spiral. Its unavoidable.Is there a remedy? Yes, absolutely. First, you need toredefine success, then stick to one method for long enough to see the results. Once you get effects, frustration will have a limited access to you, and you will be less prone to pay attention to shiny objects.How to do that? Thats material fora whole different post.Michal Stawicki isa coachand self-published author writing about how to expand beyond your limits so you can regain control over your life (based on my personal experience).

Avoiding Media Bias When Covering Political News

Avoiding Media Bias When Covering Political NewsAvoiding Media Bias When Covering Political NewsPoliticians and their staff members are usually experts at manipulating media coverage in order to advance their careers and their campaigns. That includes accusing reporters of media bias when unfavorable stories are published in print, on the air or online. When covering political news stories, make sure your stories measure up to ethical standards so your reports dont back up their claims of media bias. Expect to Be Accused of Media Bias Any reporting on a political campaign will include good and badeanstalt news. If you are assigned to cover a candidate, there will be a day she stumbles making a verbal gaffe, misstating a fact or sometimes literally stumbling as she trips over a broken sidewalk. Reporting facts doesnt equal media bias, though overly-aggressive campaign workers might try to con voters into thinking that. Check Your Stories for Accuracy Some reporters who dont h ave media bias are guilty of lazy reporting, which can appear to be the result of political leanings. Make sure all political stories are accurate because campaign workers will be happy to rip your reports to shreds if it benefits their candidate. Any reporter knows whether his story will please or perturb a campaign. If you suspect that there will be fallout to a story thats about to be published, comb over the facts for accuracy to protect yourself and your media company. Decide if you are completely confident in the information you are presenting. If your source is a news release from an opponents campaign, verify the facts independently or at least make it clear that its the opponent who is making an accusation, not you. Sloppy attribution can get you into trouble. Even in the casual world of the Internet, your online attribution must be clear, and that includes posts on Twitter or Facebook. Determine Whether Your Story is Fair to All Candidates A political story can be comp letely accurate, yet not be totally fair to the candidates. Thats another easy way for charges of media bias to be made against you. If you report that one wealthy candidate paid very little income taxes thanks to the creative use of loopholes, you owe it to your audience to investigate the other candidates tax returns. If that information isnt being made available to you, you should report that. Fairness involves more than thorough fact-finding, it also includes careful attention to the wording of your stories. Creative writing techniques that work in other forms of reporting are dangerous in political stories. Using the income tax example, saying the candidate paid a paltry or tiny amount of taxes is letting your personal judgment affect your writing. If a tax expert says the candidate should have paid ten times the amount in taxes, say that and attribute it to the expert. Boasting that you uncovered this tax information implies that the candidate was trying to hide it. If all you did was read her news release, you didnt uncover anything. Defend Yourself Against Claims of Media Bias A good way to prepare to defend yourself against claims of media bias is to practice making those charges yourself. Learn how to scour stories to pick up on terms and ideas that could indicate a point of view. If a campaign manager complains about how a story thats unfavorable to the campaign is an example of media bias, point out the more positive stories you have produced. You dont owe him an apology, just a reminder that your reporting is balanced. Never promise youll give him a glowing story tomorrow. Voters, who are accustomed to claims of media bias, are often harder to convince if they worship the candidate they believe you unfairly slaughtered. Ask them why they believe the story is unfair and gently defend yourself. Theres no benefit to getting into an argument that you cant win. Political campaigns are a roller-coaster ride. When a campaign is down, fingers often po int at news coverage. By asking your own tough questions of your reporting skills, you will protect your reputation against unfounded charges of media bias.

US Army Job 15P (Aviation Operations Specialist)

US Army Job 15P (Aviation Operations Specialist)US Army Job 15P (Aviation Operations Specialist)In the Army, an aviation operations specialist schedules and dispatches tactical aircraft missions. Youve heard the expression keepthe trains running on time? Soldiers in this job, which is military occupational specialty (MOS) 15P, keep the planes running on time. MOS 15P requires a high degree of tactical and organizational competence, and while they may not see time in the cockpit, ansicht soldiers are just as importantto the success of any flight mission as their pilot counterparts. Duties If youre someone who revels in schedules and plans, this is the Army job for you. Youre responsible for making sure local and cross-country flight clearances are processed, checking the accuracy of flight plans and coordinating them. Flight logs on all flights and individual flight records also fall under your purview in MOS 15P. This job also includes alerting crash crews of emergencies, and per haps most importantly, youll need to have a bit of meteorologist in you, because its up to you to interpret and post weather reports that could affect flight and flight missions. Training Information Job training for an aviation operations specialist requires 10 weeks of basic combat training and eight weeks of advanced individual training with on-the-job instruction. Part of this time is spent in the classroom and the field under simulated combat conditions. These soldiers receive their aviation training at the Armys Aviation Logistics School at Fort Eustis in Virginia. Some of the skills youll learn in this job include Army aviation operations and record keeping, procedures for scheduling aircraft and assigning crew and flight planning and airfield operations. Qualifications To qualify for this job, youll need a score of 91 in the Skilled Technical area of theArmed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB). The subtests for this area includestimmt genau Knowledge,Genera l Science, Mechanical Comprehension and Mathematics Knowledge. Youll also need to qualify for a secret security clearance, which usually involves a background check into any criminal activity or drug use, as well as mental and emotional fitness. For this job, any drug use, including possession, sale or transfer after age 18 is disqualifying, as is a history of drug or alcohol abuse. Youll need normal color vision (no colorblindness), and have to be a U.S. citizen. Similar Civilian Occupations The skills you learn will help prepare you for a career in aviation. Flight operations specialists often work for commercial and private airlines, air transport companies and airports after their discharge from the military.

The Chronicles of Resume for Research Assistant

The Chronicles of Resume for Research Assistant It might be yur only possibility of landing the work opening. Adding keywords naturally from the work description can help ensure it is much easier for recruiters to locate your resume faster. Its also a great starting point for a career that you might be interested in. Do you should write or update a resume to submit an application for work. Up in Arms About Resume for Research Assistant? Whats a chronological resume. Whether this Research Assistant resume example was not sufficient for you, youre absolutely free to review several other samples and templates from our website. If you currently have an existing resume, you need to make sure your information is updated and presented in a manner that will generate interest from the Hiring Manager. Resume examples for free will help you in a step-by-step process about how to compose your resume. These templates can be readily modified to add unique info about you so you may add any distinctive information regarding yourself to impress the recruiters. Avoid adding irrelevant or unnecessary info and stick with the job certain details highlighting all your abilities and capabilities precisely. Its possible to customize it to be able to make your resume. You are able to provide your review as feedback to our internet site quality. When dealing with data and statistics, as well as ensuring the info is accurate, its important to have the ability to meet project deadlines and manage your time to do your aims. Because of this, its crucial that you include your certification details. A graduate research assistant needs several core kinds of skills, so dont forget to touch on your various regions of proficiency. Furthermore, you can find out more about science careers on Monster. Furthermore, you can look for research technician jobs on Monster. You just cant slacken off when it regards research. Writing the ideal research assistant resume objective or sum mary can be complicated. Whether youre an undergraduate or a person who wants to break into an area of interest, you may always locate job openings for a Research Assistant. There are several different varieties of jobs offered for people interested in research. Some skills are in demand throughout the board, but others relate to your specific research area. One is the net, you can get loads of samples from the internet but be positive that these resume samples supply you with kind of data that you would like. Utilize our lube technician resume sample for ideas about how to present your qualifications in the very best possible light and receive the job that you desire. To find out more on what it requires to be a field service technician. Resume for refrigeration and air-conditioning technician. You only need a cover letter. Youre going to learn to compose an excellent cover letter. Therefore, cover letters are from time to time too dense. Your cover letter proves that youve got relevant skills. Needless to say, other candidates will most likely have the exact attributes in their resume. Medical assistants are in demand, but it doesnt indicate it will be simple to land work. Presently, they do not require certification in most states. They should be updated every so frequently, so its important to hiring managers to understand your credentials are updated. Show recruiting professors your abilities and experiences are awarded and appreciated by other people. Even should you not have a lot of employment history, you can incorporate volunteer experiences and any extracurriculars associated with the job. Much like other professions, therell be competition for each position. A Secret Weapon for Resume for Research Assistant Stay focused on relevance rather than volume. Do not be concerned if you dont have any legal experience yet. Oil field work needs a particular set of skills and employers rarely need to employ inexperienced operators due t o the risk and liability of injury and property damage. For example, you might supply an expert summary that illustrates your career objectives and plans and your areas of scientific interest. Please take some time to read the subsequent sections as they can help you come up with the best approach to present your abilities and qualifications. It will produce separation between Joseph and people who havent finished college.

7 Tips To Help You Find A Job

7 Tips To Help You Find A Job 7 Tips To Help You Find A JobPosted October 13, 2011, by Helen Isbister Theres more to a job hunt than scrolling through websites like Seek and clicking on every job that catches your eye. Before you even look at whats on offer in the big wide world, theres a few things you need to do. Not only do your resume and cover letter have to be proofread, polished up and ready to send off as soon as you see your dream job advertised, you need to be clear on exactly what it is youre looking for in a career. Here are a few tips to make koranvers your job search doesnt send you running around in circles. 1. Know what you want Before you send a bulk email with your application to every advertised position that is even vaguely related to your industry or experience STOP Take time to think about what you want and narrow your focus so you dont waste both your time and the employers. Make a list of what you are looking for (both personally and professionally) and only apply for jobs that match your priorities, talents and experience. 2. Know where to look Job opportunities can be found anywhere and everywhere. Dont limit your search to traditional methods its about opening your eyes, extending your networks and putting yourself out there. Job search websites, trade magazines, social media, recruitment companies, your own network contacts and industry workshops are all at your disposal. Dont put all your eggs in one basket, but divide your time between looking through advertisements, networking both in person and online, and touching base with recruitment companies. 3. Establish a routine Treat your hunt for a job as if its a job in itself. Your next brilliant career isnt going to land in your lap if you arent actively on the lookout for it. Set aside time to seek out opportunities, put in applications and attend interviews. It will also pay to use your excess spare time to bump up your employability rating by attending coursesto brush up on old skills or learn new ones. Doing temporary work will build work experience, keep your bills paid and may even turn into a permanent position. 4. Safeguard your sanity Dont expect to find your dream career in a week or even a matter of months it can sometimes be a long war of attrition. Youll have to be prepared to tough it out and that means being able to deal with rejection. Its perfectly normal to feel disgruntled or demoralised at some point during your job search, and to have to deal with rejection. So, stay focused and tell yourself that the right one is just around the corner. Seek support from family and friends, remind yourself of the positive efforts you are making and look after yourself by eating good food and keeping yourself physically fit. Its also important to separate your leisure time from your job hunting time so you dont get an attack of the guilts if you indulge in a bit of down time. 5. Strike while the irons hot The job market is dynamic and very quick its no t the place to um, ah or bide your time. Respond to job advertisements promptly (within five days of it being posted) and if you hear of an opportunity, grab the phone and give the company a call. Lots of employers will jump on the first decent candidate they see, so get into gear quickly. 6. Keep a record Its important to keep good notes of jobs you apply for, application requirements, job interviews, contact people and their details, and your impressions before and after an interview. 7. Juggle the offers Effective job-hunting is not just about getting as many offers as possible, but knowing which is the right offer. After weeks or even months of furious job-hunting and countless rejections youll probably be cheering all the way to the bank when you get the call letting you know you can start on Monday. Think back to what you initially wanted when you started hunting seemingly endless weeks of trying to track down your dream job may have skewed your perspective slightly. Ask your self whether the salary is fair, whether you will enjoy the day-to-day work, whether you are willing to make the required lifestyle changes and if you are suited to the companys values. If the answer is no to any of these, then let the hunt continue Found the perfect job? Make sure you ace the interview by reading this article ResourcesMy first resumeCover letter for my first jobCareer Insider StoriesShelley Lask - Body Positive Health & FitnessInterested in becoming a?Human Resources OfficerGeneral ManagerBusiness ManagerAccountantOffice AdministratorPopular Career Searchescourses to help you get a jobcover letter for article writing jobeducation assistant western australia job searchhow to get a job in governmentlocal government job interview questions and answers CoursesBachelor of Social WorkEnquire Online Enquire OnlineCertificate III in Health AdministrationEnquire Online Enquire OnlineBachelor of Criminal JusticeEnquire Online Enquire OnlineCertificate III in Allied Health As sistanceEnquire Online Enquire OnlineHelen IsbisterRelated ArticlesBrowse moreStudy tipsSmart Snacking Foods Thatll Give Your Brain a BoostNext time its time to hit the books be sure to have a sortiment of smart snacks on hand to help boost your brain and satisfy your belly.FinanceRisky businessYou crash your car. You have emergency heart surgery. Your suitcase is stolen. Of course, these are all less-than-ideal situations but theyre all linked by an urgent need for one simple thing insurance.LogisticsTradesTransport and logistics careers on the moveTransport and logistics may not have a reputation as a glamorous industry, but dont be fooled. The sector has plenty to offer when it comes to job prospects and wages.

Employers, Please Stop Asking For Our Salary Histories

Employers, Please Stop Asking For Our Salary HistoriesEmployers, Please Stop Asking For Our Salary Histories We are thrilled to discuss a future with yur organization. We are willing to be open and transparent. We understand that sharing information may help us discover a fit that advances both of ur agendas. Like you, we want that. But why are you so eager to learn about ur past compensation? How is what we earned at another company doing a different job relevant to our candidacy now? When we started doing that job, we had less experience than we do now. Not just relevant professional experience, but we were also younger professionals when we nailed down the particulars of that deal. Weve grown. If you become our employer, you will reap the benefits of our professional evolution. We expect to be compensated for our skills plus the professional prowess and maturity weve cultivated. The professional world, too, has evolved since weve been off the market. Conversations that now dominate the landscape were less prevalent in years past. The salary history that you request may reflect a disparity the female candidates among us may have been earning 76 cents, 60 cents or 55 cents for every dollar our white male colleagues make. Undoubtedly, you dont want our relationship to begin by perpetuating this injustice. Lets start a fresh salary conversation , based on the skills and experience we have now and what the current market looks like. We want to be able to count on you to pay us what were worth rather than angling to score a deal on us. Can we please talk about that? It would help if you would share your range for this position. This way, all the disclosures dont have to come from our side. Many employers request salary histories and expectations, often upfront. While we want to be compliant, we clearly recognize that youre asking us to tip our hands. You say you need this info to confirm that were in range, but if you share your range in the job post, we would all be on the same page from the start. HR guru and Forbes contributor Liz Ryan reflects Most job ads dont include a salaryrange because employers want to keep the salary rangeprivate. It gives them a negotiating advantage when they do. . . It is unprofessional and immoral to ask job-seekers to supply their salary details and/or salary history but to keep your approved salary range confidential. Please dont start our relationship by angling to get the upper hand so that you can score our talent and loyalty at bargain prices. No future perk, prize or wellness program that you dream up can undo what that says about the questionable culture youre trying to entice us into. Josh Doody , author of Fearless Salary Negotiation describes efforts to get us to disclose our salary histories Its a salary negotiation tactic disguised as a gatekeeper-type interview question. Liz Ryan warns us You lose most of your negotiating leverage when you give up your old salary, but sit ting in the hot seat as a job seeker, you feel that you have no choice but to do that. Can we start from a better place than this? Glassdoor provides the Know your Worth personalized salary estimator which generates our refreshed value in the current market. The tool calculates specific work-related attributes and factors relating to each person current job title, base salary, employer, work location, industry, typical job transitions, years of relevant experience, and the current state of the local job market.This way, if our pay welches below market value at our last job , we have the information we need to amend that in future salaries we negotiate for ourselves. Requesting our salary histories is becoming illegalNew York City, New Orleans and Philadelphia and the state of Massachusetts are among the first localities limiting potential employers access to this information about candidates, but many more are slated to follow suit . You dont want to be the employer that makes a potentially illegal move. You want to be trailblazer that says, we stopped doing that years ago because we were concerned that it was unfair to our employees. A successful professional culture champions its citizens, and in so doing it earns their loyalty. Isnt that the kind of employer you want to be? Job Seekers and Candidates Everywhere

Writing Articles for Research Journals ME Today March 2012

Writing Articles for Research Journals ME Today March 2012 Writing Articles for Research Journals ME Today March 2012 Writing Articles forResearch Journalsby Derek Reding and Ritesh LakhkarMany undergraduate students pursue higher studies such as a masters or a doctorate degree in their field of interest, but when it comes to publishing their research in the form of a journal article, many struggle to get through their first attempts. To provide some guidance for early career engineers and researchers entering graduate school or pursuing an interest of writing a journal article, we offer the following information on how to go about writing an article for research journals.Publishing Starts with Research-Journal articles are supposed to contain original research the more important the topic the better. There are two main types of research, namely basic and applied. Basic research is focused on fundamental knowledge in a field. In contrast, applied research is focused on applying fund amental knowledge towards a novel approach or methodology. It is important to realize that research is the activity of investigating new approaches to problems where an adequate approach is lacking, basic or applied. Meaningful research is directed towards important problems. These are problems in which advancement will be of significant benefit in terms of application and/or theoretical developments. Research involves answering two questions, viz., 1) is the proposed approach new, and 2) is this approach better than all other approaches?The description for what constitutes research is only briefly discussed here since the focus is on writing a journal article. Assuming that one is engaged in research, the corresponding journal article is a formality for all practical purposes.Motivation to Publish-Research can be performed without writing journal articles. However, this is elend common due to the incentives for publishing in peer-reviewed journals. Motivation to publish should be c lear. One possibility is to secure a new idea in the pool of knowledge. Although this motivation is idealistic, it is often leid the only one. Another motivation is to gain professional credibility. Researchers need to realize that they dont need to publish many journal articles to become credible, but more can certainly help. Publishing journal articles helps to secure research positions, especially for early career researchers. These positions are typically found in Universities and Research Laboratories. Industry generally has very limited time to solve problems, thus, research is very difficult and projects usually become advanced engineering initiatives instead of research initiatives. Patents play a vital role as compared to journal publications when it comes to advanced engineering in the industry. Many times, it may not be possible to publish advanced engineering research in a journal publication, or even in a patent, due to proprietary reasons. To secure a research position such as research scientist or professor, one needs to publish as much of their research as possible. It should be known that only one good article is needed to cement a position in a research circle. Nobody can afford a bad article or one that has false claims or incorrect information, so it may be important to shelf papers that do not meet the highest standards. This happens to all researchers because some ideas just dont work.Two General Approaches-There are a few main routes one may take towards publishing a journal article. The easiest and most common approach is to present research at conferences before compiling the completed work in a journal article draft. This may be referred to as the feedback approach. There are serious advantages to this approach. First, one is able to get valuable feedback on their proposed approach from the research community. This feedback can be in the form of questions at the end of a presentation, private discussions, and collaboration. Second, co nferences act as intermediate deadlines to aim for during ones research activities. This is possible because conferences do not require completed work like journals do, so one may present at a few conferences before writing the completed journal article.Another approach is what can be called a direct approach. This approach involves journal writing activity from the outset of a research project. This approach may be a bit more risky since it does not necessarily involve feedback from peers at conference proceedings. Generally, this approach works best for intermediate and advanced researchers not beginners unless they are well-advised or unusually gifted. Moreover, this approach works especially well for those who have already published a peer-reviewed journal article. What is a Journal Article?-A journal article is a peer-reviewed report that contains an original and complete research study. These articles present a new approach towards solving a problem. Fortunately, there are ma ny examples in the literature, but not all articles are ideal. A model article is one that has i) a clear and concise problem identification, ii) a clear and concise proposed approach or thesis, and iii) sufficient evidence to rckendeckung their approach or thesis. The layout begins with an abstract, which articulates a brief summary of all three of these aspects. This is followed by an introduction and/or background section, in which the topic scope is identified, motivation is provided, and relevant previous works are summarized in the context of the current work. The body sections divide up the topic into simple and tractable bodies that provide all required information, or references that contain information required to reproduce the results of the research. Findings must sufficiently support the claims made in the article. Finally, a conclusions section is used to give short statement of the findings and claims that are clearly reached as a result of the research. This is not a summary. All discussions should be included in the main body of the article, with the exception of appendices. An appendix is simply a collection of supplementary material that cannot be found in a reference but would otherwise overly-complicate or detract from the readability of the article. Footnotes are useful for stating information that is too brief for an appendix.Some Preliminaries-In either the feedback approach or the direct approach, described above, research should be initiated by identifying the problem that is to be solved. This will help to identify the scope of the article. Once a scope is identified, to some extent, one then begins to review relevant literature including books, conference articles, and journal articles. The literature review helps to identify the journal that one will want to eventually publish in.During journal writing, and during research activities, one should pay some attention to the rank of the journals as these are read. Some journals permit much longer articles than others. Some journals such as the ones related to theoretical or applied physics have a specific focus. The activity of reading relevant articles on ones research topic will help one to find the most appropriate journal for publishing their work.Some journals are regarded as better than others, but there are several ranking methods to choose from. Two typical methods are 1) article influence (AI) and 2) Eigenfactor. A good discussion of these methodologies is provided at www.eigenfactor.org. Another important factor that will influence ones choice of journal is the publishing costs, which may be covered by a research grant.An important consideration to keep in mind early in the process is if there will be collaboration. One must identify who should be involved as a possible co-author. An adviser or ratgeber is the most obvious co-author for early career researchers. It is sometimes difficult to know who is a contributor towards the content of your article. For example, a technician who helps you to perform experiments may or may not become a co-author. The important thing to know is that one should discuss co-authorship possibilities with all those who are engaged in any part of the research activities.General Strategy-The general strategy for writing a journal article is to start by writing a rough abstract. The abstract may very well be totally scrapped a few times during the research process, but this activity can help one to organize their thoughts. It can be helpful to write a working draft, or an incomplete draft of the article, which is usually heavy on the introduction and relevant background. Some researchers even write a separate document with a detailed literature review in which each article is summarized in the context of their research. This working draft can also be useful for containing preliminary results and tables that one plans to fill in with the results. In a way, the article can take a shape holistically by beco ming an integral part of ones research effort. Moreover, as the research comes to a close, one will not have far to reach towards finalizing the article. In the feedback approach described above, this integral report writing or working draft can be in the format of conference articles. Generally, it is best to publish in a journal that is tied to the conference in which one presents any of the relevant results. This means that no matter which approach is taken towards writing ones article, it is a good idea to know what conferences and corresponding journals are of most interest.The belastung stage in writing a journal article is making sure that the research is complete. Reaching depth is important not breadth. Determining adequate depth brings back the aforementioned two questions regarding the nature of research, namely 1) is the proposed approach new, and 2) is this approach better than all other approaches? If one can clearly and undeniably answer yes to both questions, then t he final stages in writing ones article are merely a formality. Still, one may wish to enlist the help of a colleague for final review of their manuscript.During the final stages, one needs to include an acknowledgments section after the conclusions. This section gives recognition to funding agencies and to those all whose help was significant, but not enough for co-authorship. There is the possibility that one may find that their approach reaches a fork in the road. It is not uncommon for a proposed approach to be radically different enough from previous approaches that the theoretical or experimental underpinnings do not exist yet. This is a good time to consider splitting the research into two or more papers.Support-Research and publishing, early in ones research career, almost always involves some form of support. The help of a research mentor is invaluable. It is important to choose wisely because not all individuals in a research position are doing real research. This is in no way meant to offend those who are in a faculty or research scientist position. Many of these individuals make important and valuable contributions, but not always in research. There can be a fine line between real research and advanced engineering. It is important to know the difference in advance. A research mentor can help when attempting to know this difference.The other form of support is financial. Having enough money is very important when attempting to engage in research activities. Money buys equipment, time, and help from others. Usually financial support for conducting research activities is provided by the universities, the government research organizations, or at times by the industry.This article gives a brief overview of some of the important aspects of writing a journal article, namely a brief research definition, motivations, journal article definition, journal selection, co-authorship, general strategy, and support.The most ideal supplement for this article is the transcription of a talk that was delivered by Richard Hamming titled, You and Your Research. Richard Hammings article helps to prepare any researcher, beginner to advanced, for conducting meaningful research, which is at the heart of all great journal articles.

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